AYUSHDHARA is an international peer reviewed Bi-monthly open access journal publishing print and online versions. AYUSHDHARA focused towards the publication of current research work carried out under Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy, Allopathy systems of medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences. AYUSHDHARA title approved for print version by Office of the Registrar of Newspapers for India, Ministry of Information And Broadcasting, New Delhi (RNI Registration No: TELENG/2014/60297). AYUSHDHARA an emerging academic journal in the field of Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy which deals with all facets of the field of research work conducting various institutes and researches. This journal motive and aim is to create awareness, re-shaping the knowledge already created and challenge the existing theories related to the field of Academic Research in any discipline in AYUSH Systems strive to set the highest standards for superiority in everything we do in content, style and aesthetics of presentation, in editorial performance at every level, in transparency and accessibility to the scientific community and public, and in educational value. The journal aims to publish novel research being conducted and carried out of academic and industry authors, researchers, and readers in a medium customized for the discovery, integration, and application of research. We are inviting professors, researchers, professionals, academicians and research scholars to submit their novel and conjectural ideas in the domain of AYSUH Systems in the shape of (1). Original Research Articles (2). Review articles (3). Book Reviews (4). Short Communications/ Research Letter (5). Case Report (6). Letter to the Editor/Correspondence. Ayurved Samhita & Siddhanta (Ayurvedic Compendia & Basic Principles), Rachana Sharir (Anatomy), Kriya sharir (Physiology), Dravyaguna Vigyan (Materia Medica & Pharmacology), Rasashastra (Ayurvedic Metals & Minerals/Iatrochemistry) Bhaishajya Kalpana (Pharmaceuticals Science), Agadtantra & Vidhi Vaidyaka (Toxicology & Forensic Medicine), Svasthavritta (Preventive, Social Medicine & Yoga), Roganidana & Vikriti Vigyan (Pathology & Diagnostic Procedure), Kayachikitsa (General Medicine), Manovigyan & Manasroga (Psychiatry), Rasayan & Vajikaran (Rejuvenation & Aphrodisia), Panchakarma (Five Bio-cleansing Procedures), Prasuti & Stri Roga (Gynecology & Obstetrics), Kaumarbhritya-Balaroga (Pediatrics), Shalyatantra (General Surgery), Shalakyatantra (Otorhinolaryngology/ENT & Ophthalmology). Research articles on above the subjects using current scientific knowledge viz., Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Drug Standardization, Quality control, Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), Pharmacology, Preclinical research, Clinical research, Good Clinical Practices (GCP), Pharmacovigilance. Studies on Literary, Basic and Fundamental research, Preventive and Promotive Healthcare, Local Health Traditions, etc. which provide the leads to the original research are also acceptable. Pharmaceutical Sciences Further, studies on Herbal/Natural products in the area of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Drug delivery systems, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical analysis, Herbal/Ayurvedic Pharmacy practice, Bioinformatics and Pharmaceutical biosciences.
Ayurveda Interventions Achieving Complete Remission in Erythrodermic Psoriasis (Eka-Kustha)
Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is a rare, severe, and potentially life-threatening form of psoriasis, characterized by generalized erythema and scaling involving more than 75% of the body surface area. The clinical presentation of EP closely resembles Eka-kushta as described in classical Ayurvedic texts, wherein a personalized and holistic therapeutic approach is advocated for long-term disease management. This case report documents the successful management of erythrodermic psoriasis through classical Ayurvedic interventions, resulting in complete clinical remission. A 52-year-old male with an eight-year history of Erythrodermic psoriasis, unresponsive to conventional therapies, sought Ayurvedic care at the outpatient department. Following a detailed evaluation of Dosha, Dushya, and Roga bala, an individualized treatment protocol was formulated. The management strategy comprised Shodhana (purificatory procedures) followed by Shamana (palliative measures), including Siddharthaka snanokta dravya kashaya administered for Pana and Pariseka, along with Panchatiktaka ghṛta. These interventions were complemented by disease-specific dietary guidelines and lifestyle modifications. Marked clinical improvement was observed within four weeks, with complete remission achieved by six weeks. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score reduced from 60.6 to 0.6. Clinical remission persisted for two months after completion of therapy. Mild recurrence at the three-month follow-up was successfully managed with Ayurvedic treatment. This case highlights the effectiveness of Ayurvedic Shodhana-based therapy in achieving rapid remission and sustained disease control in Erythrodermic psoriasis.
Ayurveda, Erythrodermic Psoriasis, Panchakarma, Shamana Chikitsa, virechan, Ekkustha
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A Case Report on Recurrent Ischemic stroke Induced Blindness w.s.r. to Linganasha
Strokes have a high chance of developing vision related problems. Mostly it leads to cortical blindness due to blocked blood flow to the occipital lobe, leading to vision loss without any inherent eye problem or ischemic optic neuropathy from lack of blood to the optic nerve. As per Sushruta Acharya, this can be co-related with Chaturtha Patalagata Dosha. In which Dosha obstructs the normal visual pathway and causes Linganasha. Linga means the power of eye i.e., Visualization function. It gets hampered in Linganasha. Clinical Case: A 62-year-old male has suffered from the recurrent ischemic stroke with bilateral PCA territory infarct f/b which he has developed significant vision loss and Cortical blindness along with the Hypertension. He has the history of uncontrolled type 2 DM since 7 years. Result: He took allopathy treatment for a year for the same but no improvement in vision happened. After 5 months of the Ayurvedic treatment he can able to recognize faces from the 4m distance also he can perform all his routine activity by his own. The patient was treated by Nasya, Tarpana, Shiropichu, Tikta Ksheer Basti was given along with the oral medications. Conclusion: Ayurved treatment may become very effective in the new cases of stroke induced blindness.
PCA, DM, Linganasha, Nasya, Tarpana, Shiropichu, Tikta ksheerbasti
Evaluating the Therapeutic Effect of Kshar Taila Uttar Basti in Fallopian Tube Blockage-Induced Infertility
The major causes of female infertility include ovarian factors, uterine factors, tubal factors, cervical factors, and vaginal factors. Among these, tubal factors play a significant role. It is estimated that approximately 25–35% of female infertility cases are caused by abnormalities or blockage of the fallopian tubes. In Ayurveda, this condition is seen as a Vata-predominant Tridoshaja Vyadhi, with Kapha involvement leading to disturbance in Rutu Kshetra Ambu Beeja leads to Vandhayatva. Infertility due to tubal factors can be correlated with Strivandhyatva due to Kshetra abnormality Artavaha Srotorodha (obstruction of fallopian tube). A 30-year-old woman presented with a history of primary infertility for three years. On investigation, Hysterosalpingography (HSG) revealed unilateral blockage of the fallopian tube. Considering the Vata-Kapha Shamak and Lekhaniya (scraping) properties of Kshar Taila, it was selected as the therapeutic intervention. Kshara Taila was administered in the form of Uttar Basti in a dose of 5ml for three consecutive days during each cycle. This procedure was repeated for three consecutive menstrual cycles. Following the completion of the treatment protocol, the patient underwent a repeat Hysterosalpingography (HSG) to assess the status of the fallopian tubes. The investigation revealed normal bilateral spillage of dye, which indicates that both fallopian tubes were patent. This case report demonstrates the potential of Kshar Taila Uttara Basti as an effective, non-invasive treatment for infertility related to fallopian tube blockage. The case supports the viability of Ayurvedic interventions in reproductive health, particularly for patients seeking alternatives to Laparoscopic surgery or IVF.
Infertility, Tubal blockage, Uttar Basti, Kshar Tail, Hystero-salpingography (HSG)
A Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Triushnadi Vati and Salsaradi Prameha Nashak Yoga in the Management of Madhumeha (Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus)
Madhumeha (Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and classical symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. Ayurvedic formulations like Triushnadi Vati and Salsaradi Prameha Nashak Yoga are widely used, but comparative clinical evidence is limited. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Triushnadi Vati, Salsaradi Prameha Nashak Yoga, and their combination in the management of Madhumeha. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients, of which 57 completed the study. Patients were divided into three groups: Group A (Triushnadi Vati), Group B (Salsaradi Prameha Nashak Yoga), and Group C (combination therapy) for 60 days. Assessment was based on subjective symptoms and objective parameters including FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test and ANOVA. Results: Groups B and C showed statistically significant improvement (p<0.01) in both subjective and objective parameters. Group B demonstrated maximum reduction in FBS (18.34%) and PPBS (23.95%), while Group C showed comparable results. Group A showed mild to moderate improvement. HbA1c reduction was significant in all groups. Conclusion: Salsaradi Prameha Nashak Yoga, alone and in combination, showed superior efficacy compared to Triushnadi Vati. Combination therapy provides synergistic benefits and may be effective for long-term management of Madhumeha.
Madhumeha, Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Ayurveda, Triushnadi Vati, Salsaradi Prameha Nashak Yoga
Nasya Karma in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Modulation
The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Ovarian (HPO) axis is the principal neuroendocrine system governing female reproductive function through a finely coordinated hormonal cascade. Any functional or structural disruption within this axis may result in menstrual irregularities, anovulation, infertility, and endocrine disorders such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and hypothalamic amenorrhea. Increasing prevalence of stress-related reproductive dysfunctions and limitations of conventional hormonal therapies have led to a growing interest in complementary and traditional medical systems. Ayurveda offers a holistic framework for understanding and managing reproductive disorders, emphasizing the role of Vata Dosha, Siras (central regulatory centers), and Artavavaha Srotas in the maintenance of reproductive health. Nasya Karma, a specialized Panchakarma procedure involving nasal administration of medicated substances, is traditionally advocated for disorders of the head and neurological regulation. Classical Ayurvedic texts describe the nose as the gateway to the head (Nasa hi siraso dvaram), implying its direct influence on higher neurophysiological functions. Recent advances in neuropharmacology have validated the intranasal route as an effective means of delivering therapeutic agents directly to the brain, bypassing the blood–brain barrier and influencing hypothalamic and limbic structures. This review aims to critically analyze the conceptual basis, probable mechanisms, and therapeutic relevance of Nasya Karma in modulating the HPO axis by integrating Ayurvedic principles with contemporary neuroendocrine science. The available classical references, experimental insights, and emerging clinical evidence are discussed to highlight Nasya Karma as a potential non-invasive and holistic approach for restoring reproductive neuroendocrine balance.
Nasya Karma, HPO Axis, Neuroendocrine modulation, Female infertility, Ayurveda
Ayurvedic Approach for Management of Pakshaghat Through Nasya and Shirobasti w.s.r. to Post- Stroke Hemiplegia
Pakshaghata is a Vata-predominant neurological disorder described in classical Ayurvedic literature, characterized by weakness or loss of motor or sensory function affecting one half of the body. In contemporary medicine, it correlates with hemiplegia following Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA). Post-stroke hemiplegia often results in persistent motor deficit, functional limitation, and reduced quality of life despite conventional rehabilitation, highlighting the need for integrative therapeutic approaches. This case report presents a 47-year old patient presented with complaints of weakness in the left half of the body, inability to ambulate and lift the left upper limb from six months followed by CVA. No facial deviation was noted. The condition was diagnosed as Vataj Nanatmaj Pakshaghata (post-stroke hemiplegia). The patient was managed with Panchakarma interventions including Sarvanga Abhyanga with Dhanwantara Taila, Nasya with Ksheer Bala Taila, and Shirobasti with Balaashwagandha Taila, as per clinical assessment. Gradual improvement was observed in muscle strength, walking ability, and upper and lower limb mobility over the treatment period thus patient showed significant improvement.
Pakshaghata, Hemiplegia, Cerebrovascular Accident, Panchakarma, Nasya, Shirobasti
Ayurvedic Intervention in Mixed Connective Tissue Disease: Therapeutic Strategy for Systemic Manifestations
Ayurveda interprets conditions under the spectrum of Tridoshaja Vyadhi with predominance of Vata-Pitta Dosha, Raktavaha Srotas Dusti, and Ama formation, resulting in systemic inflammation and tissue degeneration. The present case study evaluates the efficacy of an integrative Ayurvedic therapeutic approach in a 41-year-old female patient presenting with severe polyarticular pain, swelling, stiffness, functional disability, and systemic symptoms. The treatment protocol included Deepana-Pachana, Snehapana with Triphala Ghrita, followed by Virechana Karma using Icchabhedi Rasa, and Basti Karma with Guduchyadi and Yashtimadhvadi Niruha Basti. Post-procedural management involved administration of Guduchi, Simhanada Guggulu, Kaishore Guggulu, and Punarnavadi Kashaya for one month. Following the intervention, marked improvement was observed in clinical parameters, with significant reduction in joint pain, swelling, tenderness, and morning stiffness. Functional capacity improved notably, as the patient regained the ability to walk independently and demonstrated enhanced grip strength. Laboratory findings revealed a reduction in RA factor value, indicating decreased inflammatory activity. Additionally, systemic symptoms such as fever, poor appetite, and digestive disturbances were resolved. This case highlights that an integrative Ayurvedic approach incorporating Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa may offer a promising therapeutic strategy in the management of MCTD by addressing the underlying pathophysiology, improving clinical outcomes, and enhancing quality of life.
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD), Auto-immune Disorders, Ayurveda, Virechana Karma, Basti Karma, Raktavaha Srotas Dusti, Shodhana Therapy, Immunomodulation, CCRAS Protocol, Integrative Medicine
Management of Stanyakshaya Through Ayurvedic Stanyajanana and Stanyavardhaka Measures
Breastfeeding is essential for optimal neonatal nutrition, immunity, and overall growth and development. However, insufficient breast milk production, known as Stanyakshaya in Ayurveda, is a significant concern frequently observed in primiparous mothers. This condition may lead to inadequate nourishment of the newborn and may adversely affect infant health. Various physiological and psychological factors such as emotional stress, anxiety, maternal illness, poor nutrition, and changing lifestyle patterns contribute to the development of Stanyakshaya. According to Ayurvedic principles, Agnimandya (impaired digestive fire) and Dhatukshaya (depletion of body tissues) are considered the major etiological factors responsible for reduced breast milk production. Classical Ayurvedic texts describe several therapeutic measures for managing this condition, including the use of Stanyajanana and Stanyavardhana drugs, along with Stanyavardhaka Ahara (dietary measures) and appropriate Vihara (lifestyle practices). These interventions aim to improve maternal health, enhance nourishment of Dhatus, and promote adequate lactation. The present review article highlights the significance of breastfeeding and discusses the Ayurvedic perspective of Stanyakshaya, including its causes and management strategies described in classical texts. Additionally, the article emphasizes the importance of traditional dietary and lifestyle practices in improving lactation and addresses the growing prevalence of Stanyakshaya associated with modern lifestyle patterns.
Stanyakshay, Stanyajanan drugs, Stanyvardhan ahara, Dhatukshaya
Ayurvedic Management in Shwitra (Vitiligo) using Putikadi Lepa and Dhatrikhadir Kashaya
Vitiligo is a primary autoimmune depigmentary disorder. Secondary post -inflammatory depigmentation is called leukoderma. In a vitiligo patch melanocyte are absent and hence no melanin production. Vitiligo may be associated with other autoimmune disorder. They may be localized, segmental or generalised sometimes the hair on vitiligo. In Ayurveda vitiligo is known as a Shwitra. Classified under Kustha (skin disorders). Three Doshas imbalance -Vata, Pitta, Kapha body tissues like Rakta, Mamsa, Meda etc. The prevalence of vitiligo is estimated to be 0.14-2% in different countries and 2.64% in Kumaun region. In Ayurveda, Ayurvedic treatment mainly focuses on the medicine. It includes both Shodhana and Shamana therapies. Internal medicine such as Dhatri khadir Kashaya along with honey. External applications (Lepa) Putikadi Lepa with Gomutra sun exposure to stimulate pigmentation. A female patient aged 13 years suffering from white patches. Large macule on left temporal surface was treated Since 6 months. Shodhana and Shamana chikitsa period of 2 months follow-up at 30 days in between changes was noted by assessing through colour and size of patch and also improve the patient well-being.
Vitiligo, Shwitra, Putikadilepa, Dhatri khadir Kashaya
Acharya Sushruta’s Shalya Tantra Armamentarium: A Brief Review on Shastra and Shastra Karma
Acharya Sushruta, revered as the "Father of Surgery" laid the foundation of Shalya Tantra (Ayurvedic surgery), emphasizing both surgical and parasurgical interventions. His treatise, the Sushruta Samhita, systematically describe Shastra Karma (operative procedures) and their role in managing various surgical conditions such as Arsha (haemorrhoids), Bhagandara (fistula), Nadi vrana (sinus wounds), and Asthi Shalya (foreign bodies in the bone). concerning to his philosophy is the concept of Ashtavidha Shastra karma (eightfold operative procedures), which form the core of surgical practice. These include Chedana, Bhedana, Lekhana, Vedhana, Eshan, Aaharan, Visravan, Sivana. Sushruta also emphasized on Trividha Karma (Purva Karma, Pradhana Karma and Paschat karma). This holistic approach integrates surgical precision with ethical practice, it aids to inculcate discipline methods of comprehensive medical science. The principles outlined by Acharya Sushruta continue to influence modern surgical thought, highlighting enduring contribution to global medical heritage.
Shastra Karma, Trividha Karma, Purva Karma, Pradhana Karma, Paschat Karma.
A Review on Vyadhi Shardul Guggulu in the Management of Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis)
RA follows a chronic course characterized by fluctuating periods of exacerbation and remission, with considerable variability in severity. In Ayurvedic texts the condition known as Amavata first described by Acharya Madhavakara is considered analogous to RA. The pathogenesis of Amavata involves the interplay of Ama (metabolic toxins) and Vata (biological energy associated with movement). Aim: This study aims to evaluate the pharmacological mechanisms of action of the ingredients in Vyadhi Shardul Guggulu, a classical Ayurvedic formulation, and to assess its therapeutic potential in alleviating the symptoms of Amavata, with specific reference to rheumatoid arthritis. Methodology: Vyadhi Shardul Guggulu, as documented in the Ayurvedic text Bhaishajya Ratnavali, is traditionally employed in the management of Amavata. A comprehensive review was conducted using peer-reviewed scientific literature, classical Ayurvedic texts, modern rheumatology references, and online databases. Keywords such as Amavata, rheumatoid arthritis, and Vyadhi Shardul Guggulu guided the literature search and analysis. Conclusion: The formulation exhibits properties including Deepana (enhancement of digestive fire), Pachana (metabolic stimulation), Shothahara (anti-inflammatory), and Vedanahara (analgesic), which collectively contribute to interrupting the Samprapti (pathophysiological progression) of Amavata. This review highlights the classical references, pharmacodynamic attributes, and clinical relevance of Vyadhi Shardul Guggulu in the integrative management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Amavata, Vyadhi Shardul Guggulu, Tridoshashamak, Rheumatoid Arthritis
Evaluation of In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chandraprakasa Mathirai (CPM) by Protein Denaturation Assay
Chandraprakasa mathirai (CPM) is a classical Siddha herbo-mineral formulation traditionally used in inflammatory conditions such as undifferentiated polyarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, scientific validation of its anti-inflammatory activity remains limited. The present study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential of CPM using a protein denaturation assay. CPM was prepared according to standard Siddha procedures using purified Aconitum ferox, Piper nigrum, and sodium biborate. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibition of heat-induced denaturation of bovine serum albumin at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500µg/ml. Diclofenac sodium (100µg/ml) was used as the reference standard. Absorbance was measured at 660 nm, and percentage inhibition was calculated. Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation and analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. CPM exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, with values increasing from 10.7±2.22% at 100µg/ml to 45.78±1.84% at 500µg/ml. The standard drug diclofenac sodium showed significantly higher inhibition (85.19±4.06%). However, CPM did not achieve 50% inhibition within the tested concentration range. In conclusion, CPM demonstrates moderate in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity, supporting its traditional use. Further in-vivo and clinical studies are required to establish its therapeutic efficacy and safety profile.
Chandraprakasa mathirai, Anti-inflammatory activity, Protein denaturation, Siddha
Management of Parikartika w.s.r. to Acute Fissure-in-Ano with Dhanwantaram Taila Pichu
Fissure-in-ano, commonly known as an anal fissure, is a frequently encountered anorectal disorder characterized by significant pain and discomfort. In Ayurvedic literature, the condition Parikartika closely correlates with fissure-in-ano and is described by symptoms such as cutting and burning sensation in the Guda (anal region). The management of this condition primarily aims at alleviating pain and enhancing wound healing. Ayurveda outlines various therapeutic approaches for Parikartika, including Deepana, Pachana, Vatanulomana, Avagaha Sweda, Basti Karma, and the application of Madhura, Sheeta, and Snigdha Dravyas in forms such as Taila Poorana, Lepa, and Pichu Dharana. Among these, Pichu Dharana is considered a simple and effective procedure that works through local absorption at the tissue level. The present case study evaluates the efficacy of Dhanwantaram Taila Pichu in the management of acute fissure-in-ano. A 35-year-old female patient presented to the outpatient department with complaints of severe cutting pain in the anal region (Gudapradeshi Kartanavat Vedana), mild swelling (Alpa Shotha), burning sensation (Daha), constipation (Malavashtambha), and passage of blood-streaked stools (Saraktamala Pravritti) for five days. Administration of Dhanwantaram Taila Pichu, along with appropriate dietary and lifestyle modifications (Pathya), resulted in significant clinical improvement in this case.
Ayurveda, Guda, Parikartika, Fissure in Ano, Yastimadhuk taila pichu
Viddha Karma as a Minimally Invasive Ayurvedic Intervention in Ardita
Ardita is a Vatavyadhi described in Ayurvedic classics, characterized by deviation of face, impairment of speech, facial muscle weakness, and pain. Clinically, it resembles facial palsy (Bell’s palsy). Classical management includes Snehana, Swedana, Nasya, Basti, and Siravedha. Viddha Karma, a minimally invasive parasurgical procedure described under Shalya Tantra, acts through stimulation of specific Marmas and Siras and is gaining attention for its rapid therapeutic benefits. Aim: To evaluate the role of Viddha Karma as a minimally invasive Ayurvedic intervention in the management of Ardita. Materials and Methods: A single male patient diagnosed with Ardita was treated with Viddha Karma at selected classical points along with internal medications for 14 days. Clinical parameters such as facial deviation, eye closure, speech disturbance, pain, and stiffness were assessed before and after treatment. Results: Significant improvement was observed in facial symmetry, eye closure, speech clarity, and reduction in pain and stiffness within a short duration, without any adverse effects. Conclusion: Viddha Karma is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive therapeutic modality in the management of Ardita, providing rapid symptomatic relief and functional recovery.
Ardita, Viddha Karma, Vatavyadhi, Facial palsy, Parasurgical procedure
Circadian Rhythm Disruption and Dinacharya: A Kriya Sharir Perspective on Sleep Disorders in the Digital Era
In today’s world, constant exposure to blue light from screens, erratic sleep schedules, and mismatched daily routines have sharply increased circadian rhythm disturbances and sleep disorders such as insomnia. Modern chronobiology points to melatonin suppression through the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) pathway as a central mechanism behind these issues. Ayurveda, through the lens of Kriya Sharir, views these biological rhythms as natural cycles governed by the rhythmic predominance of the three Doshas - Vata, Pitta, and Kapha - in alignment with solar and diurnal time. The classical daily regimen known as Dinacharya offers practical tools to realign these energies and support Ratri Swabhavaprabha, the body’s innate tendency toward restorative sleep. This review brings together current evidence from chronobiology with insights from Ayurvedic texts to show how specific Dinacharya practices- waking during Brahma Muhurta, eating meals at appropriate times, retiring early, and moderating sensory overstimulation- can effectively counteract the disruptive effects of digital-age light exposure. When applied thoughtfully, these routines provide a simple yet holistic strategy for preventing and managing sleep problems in contemporary life. Further well-designed clinical studies are needed to evaluate the impact of integrated Ayurvedic-modern approaches.
Circadian rhythm, Dinacharya, Kriya Sharir, Sleep disorders, Blue light, Anidra
Integrated Concept of Samanya-Vishesha Siddhanta and Physiology: A Review of Homeostasis and Regulatory Mechanisms
Samanya–Vishesha Siddhanta is a fundamental Ayurvedic principle that explains the regulation of physiological and pathological states through similarity and dissimilarity. According to this concept, similar attributes promote increase in bodily components, whereas opposing attributes lead to their reduction, thereby maintaining the balance of Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala. In modern physiology, a comparable concept is described as homeostasis, which refers to the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment despite continuous fluctuations. This stability is achieved through coordinated regulatory mechanisms involving the nervous and endocrine systems, primarily mediated by feedback processes that either correct deviations or amplify specific responses when required. The present review explores the integration of these classical and contemporary concepts, highlighting their similarities across different levels of biological organization, including cellular, tissue, and systemic levels. The Ayurvedic principles of increase and decrease correspond closely with anabolic and catabolic processes as well as feedback-based regulation in modern science. This integrative perspective provides a comprehensive understanding of physiological balance and emphasizes that both systems aim to maintain internal stability. Such an approach supports the development of holistic strategies for health promotion and disease management.
Samanya, Vishesha, Homeostasis, Feedback Mechanisms, Regulatory Mechanism
Reviving Rakta: Deep Molecular Remission in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm driven by constitutively active BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase arising from the Philadelphia chromosome t (9;22). From an Ayurvedic standpoint, it correlates with Vatarakta-sadrusha avastha, involving Vata–Rakta avarana resulting in Rakta dhatu dushti and impaired haematopoietic regulation. This case study describes a 29-year-old male with chronic-phase CML (baseline: Hb: 7.3 g/dl, WBC: 19,220/µL, Platelets: 3.6 lakh/µL) who was managed exclusively with Ayurvedic intervention following patient-informed withdrawal from imatinib. The treatment protocol comprised Hingwashtak Churna with ghee, Navayas Loha, Ashwattha Kwath (decoction of Ficus religiosa) with honey, and Vayasthapan Mahakashaya over six months. Ashwattha, with Kashaya rasa and Sheeta virya, promotes Rakta-prasadana and Dhatu-sthirata; its phytoconstituents (flavonoids, phenolics) exert antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects potentially influencing abnormal myeloid proliferation. Vayasthapan Mahakashaya, a classical Rasayana formulation, supports Ojas, Dhatu-poshana, and systemic homeostasis. Post-intervention, the patient achieved haematological remission (WBC: 8,700/µL, platelets normalised) and a substantial molecular response (BCR-ABL IS: 0.101%, approaching major molecular response threshold), alongside 8kg weight gain and complete resolution of constitutional symptoms, with no adverse events documented. This report suggests potential standalone value of Ayurvedic intervention in CML management and warrants further controlled investigation.
Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia, Vatarakta, Rejuvenation, Ashwattha Kwath, Vayasthapan Mahakashaya, BCR-ABL, Rasayana
Pharmacological Review of Laghumalini Vasant Rasa
Laghumalini Vasant Rasa is described in Yoga Ratnakara within the context of Jwara Chikitsa (management of fever). Fever, or pyrexia, is a common physiological response to conditions such as infection, inflammation, and tissue injury. Ayurveda classifies fever into various types based on its origin and presentation, including those related to infections, inflammatory processes, neoplastic conditions, and drug-induced causes. The present work attempts a hypothetical review of Laghumalini Vasant Rasa as mentioned in Jwara Chikitsa and Ayurveda Sara Sangraha. It focuses on analyzing the pharmacodynamic of the formulation and its possible effects on different stages of Jwara and Shweta Pradara, as described in the Phalashruti of the drug.
Kharaliyarasayan, Laghumalini Vasanta Rasa, Pradara, Jwar
Significance of Marma Therapy in the Management of Avabahuka (Frozen Shoulder)
Avabahuka, described under Vata Vyadhi in Ayurveda, is characterized by pain and restricted movement of the shoulder joint and is comparable to adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) in modern medicine. The condition leads to significant functional limitation and reduced quality of life. Contemporary management often focuses on symptomatic relief, thereby necessitating safe, effective, and holistic therapeutic approaches. Marma Therapy, an important modality of Ayurveda, involves stimulation of vital anatomical points to restore physiological balance and promote healing. The present study aims to evaluate the significance of Marma Therapy in the management of Avabahuka. It is based on a conceptual review of classical Ayurvedic literature supported by a clinical case study. A 52-year-old male patient presenting with pain and restricted shoulder movement was treated with Marma Therapy by stimulating Amsa, Amsaphalaka, and Kakshadhara Marma points using gentle pressure along with the application of Mahanarayana Taila for 21 days. Assessment was carried out using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), range of motion (ROM), and functional parameters. The intervention resulted in significant improvement, with pain reducing from 8/10 to 2/10 on VAS and marked enhancement in shoulder mobility, including abduction and flexion. Functional activities such as dressing and overhead movements also improved considerably. The findings suggest that Marma Therapy is a safe, cost-effective, and non-invasive treatment modality that effectively reduces pain, improves joint mobility, and restores functional capacity in Avabahuka by addressing underlying Vata imbalance.
Avabahuka, Frozen Shoulder, Marma Therapy, Vata Vyadhi, Adhesive Capsulitis, Shoulder Pain
Ayurvedic Principles in the Management of Shweta Pradara
Shweta pradara is a common gynecological condition affecting women worldwide, occurring either as an independent disorder or as a symptom of underlying diseases. Although vaginal discharge is a normal physiological phenomenon, changes in its colour, consistency, quantity, or odour may indicate pathology, especially during the reproductive age. It is typically characterized by whitish or yellowish discharge, which may be physiological or associated with infection. Physiological discharge results from hormonal influence, whereas pathological discharge is often linked to infections and may cause discomfort, embarrassment, and psychological distress. If untreated, it can lead to complications such as ascending infections and infertility. In Ayurveda, Shweta pradara is mainly attributed to vitiation of Kapha or Vata-Kapha doshas due to various Nidana. Despite the availability of multiple treatments, recurrence and side effects remain concerns. Therefore, a clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurvedic management in patients presenting with vaginal discharge and associated symptoms. A female patient diagnosed with Shweta pradar was managed using Shaman chikitsha along with Yoni prakshalan and Yoni pichu. The treatment resulted in marked improvement, with significant relief from her symptoms.
Shweta pradara, Leucorrhoea, Abnormal vaginal discharge, Shamana chikitsha, Sthanik chikitsha
Rasashastra, a specialized branch of Ayurveda, describes systematic pharmaceutical processes such as Śodhana and Maraṇa to convert metals into safe, bioassimilable therapeutic agents. Lauha Bhasma (incinerated iron) is extensively used in the management of Paṇḍuroga (iron deficiency anemia), a major global health concern. Materials and Methods: Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Rasa Ratna Samuccaya, Rasendra Sara Sangraha, Ayurveda Prakasha, and Rasa Tarangini. Modern scientific literature was retrieved from databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Classical pharmaceutical procedures of Loha Śodhana and Maraṇa were critically analyzed alongside modern physicochemical characterization techniques such as XRD, XPS, SEM, TXRF, and GIXRF. Results: Historical analysis revealed a progressive evolution of Loha from a utilitarian metal in the Vedic and Puraṇic periods to a well-defined therapeutic agent during the Samhita and Rasashastra periods. Classical texts describe multiple types of Loha with Kaanta Loha (magnetite) being therapeutically superior. Pharmaceutical processing transformed raw iron into Lauha Bhasma with Jamuna and Rakta varṇa characteristics. The final Bhasma showed high acid- and water-insoluble ash values and absence of toxic metals. Toxicity studies demonstrated no significant acute or chronic toxicity. Discussion: Traditional Rasashastra procedures effectively modify the physicochemical nature of iron, improving its safety, stability, and therapeutic efficacy. The presence of magnetite nanoparticles explains the enhanced bioavailability, sustained absorption, and Rasayana effects described in classical texts. The minimal toxicity and effective hematinic action observed validate the classical claims regarding Lauha Bhasma in iron deficiency anaemia.
Ayurveda, Rasashastra, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Shodhana, Marana, Physicochemical Analysis, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicity, Magnetite Nanoparticles
An Ayurvedic Management of Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is defined as change in the retina observed within patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy appears to be an eye disease which can result in vision loss as well as blindness in diabetes. There is a strong correlation between the duration of diabetes, blood glucose and blood pressure with degree of diabetic retinopathy. In modern medicine it can be controlled by early diagnosis and other management protocols like anti–VEGF drug therapy, laser photo coagulation which can have some side effects. Diabetic retinopathy fundus picture shows characteristics features include micro aneurysms dot and blot haemorrhages hard exudates and new vessels proliferation. In Ayurveda we can treat diabetic retinopathy with the treatment principle of Urdhwaga raktapitta. For this case study a patient with diabetic retinopathy was selected from Shalakya tantra [Netra] OPD. He presented with complaints of gradual, painless blurriness of vision associated with floaters and curtain obscuring the field of vision since 1 and a half month. Diagnosis was made through on the basis of posterior segment examination where hemorrhages, micro aneurysms and neovascularization. The Ayurvedic management include Virechana, Nasya, along with systemic administration of drugs which alleviate vitiated Pitta and Rakta. After the treatment marked improvement was noted after the fundoscopic examination. Through the Ayurvedic management the progression of diabetic retinopathy can be controlled.
Diabetic retinopathy, Urdhwaga raktapitta, Virechana, Nasya
Evaluation of Ovulation-Inducing Activity of Inji Rasayanam in Female Wistar Albino Rats
Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and hormonal imbalance. Inji Rasayanam, a classical Siddha polyherbal formulation, is traditionally used for reproductive disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the ovulation-inducing activity of Inji Rasayanam in female Wistar albino rats. Twenty-four female Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): normal control (2% CMC), low dose (36mg/kg), high dose (360mg/kg), and standard (clomiphene citrate 10mg/kg). Estrous cycles were synchronized using estradiol and progesterone. The drug was administered orally for 10 days. Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were estimated using ELISA. Uterine and ovarian weights were recorded, and histopathological examination of ovarian tissues was performed. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. Inji Rasayanam significantly increased FSH levels and reduced estrogen and testosterone, with minimal changes in LH and progesterone. Histology showed improved follicular development comparable to the standard drug. Inji Rasayanam may possess ovulation-inducing activity through hormonal modulation and restoration of ovarian architecture.
PCOD, Inji Rasayanam, ovulation-induction, FSH, clomiphene citrate
Comparative Clinical Study on the Efficacy of Kati Vasti and Kati Pichu with Sahachara Taila with Sinhasya Dantee Kashaya in the Management of Gridhrasi
Sciatica described in modern medicine closely resembles Gridhrasi, which is mentioned in classical Ayurvedic texts. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of Sahachara Taila (ST) with Kati Vasti (KV) and Kati Pichu (KP) along with oral administration of Sinhasya Dantee Kashaya (SDK) in the management of Gridhrasi. A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients of Gridhrasi who were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A received KV with ST along with oral SDK, while Group B received KP with ST along with the same internal medication for 14 consecutive days. Assessment was carried out using subjective parameters such as Ruk (pain) Toda (pricking sensation) Aruchi (loss of appetite), Stambha (stiffness), and Spandana (twitching), Suptata (numbness), Ayama (stretching sensation), and Daha (burning sensation) and objective parameters including Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Straight Leg Raising Test (SLRT). Both groups showed statistically significant improvement in pain intensity and clinical symptoms (p<0.001). Group A demonstrated comparatively better improvement in Ruk, Toda Ayama, Suptata, and Daha, whereas Group B showed relatively better improvement in, Ruk,Toda Stambha, and Spandana. Overall clinical improvement and vertebral mobility were better in the Kati Vasti group. The study concludes that combined therapy of oral Sinhasya Dantee Kashaya with Sahachara Taila Kati Vasti is more effective than the combination with Kati Pichu in the management of Gridhrasi.
Gridhrasi, Sciatica, Kati Vasti, Kati Pichu, Sahachara Taila, Sinhasya Dantee Kashaya
Healing of Mind Stroke: Ayurvedic Management of Post Stroke Depression (PSD)
Stroke, a major neurological condition is frequently linked to long-term neuropsychiatric complications, one of which is post-stroke depression (PSD), which severely hinders recovery and quality of life. The 54-year-old male patient in this case study experienced depressive symptoms after suffering a cerebrovascular accident that left him with right-sided hemiplegia. Following initial neurological stabilization, the patient showed signs of functional dependency, decreased appetite, poor sleep, hopelessness, irritability, and passive suicidal ideation. Severe depression was confirmed by clinical evaluation using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Mental Status Examination. According to Ayurveda, the illness was seen as an expression of Pakshaghata associated to Avasada. Samshodhana therapies (Sarvanga Abhyanga, Swedana, Matra Basti, and Shirodhara), Shamana Aushadhi (Kalyanaka Ghrita, Manasmitra Vatakam, Unmadagaja Kesari Rasa, Brihat Vata Chintamani Rasa), and Satvavajaya Chikitsa (reassurance and supportive psychotherapy) were used to treat the patient. After 15 days of treatment, there was a noticeable improvement, with the Barthel Index rising from 35 to 80 and the HAM-D score falling from 50 to 11, indicating improved psychological well-being and functional independence. This case demonstrates on how a complete Ayurvedic management plan can help with both the physical and emotional aspects of post-stroke depression (PSD).
Avasada, Post Stroke Depression, Satvavavajaya Chikitsa, Vata-manas
Geriatric Wellness Through Abhyanga: An Ayurvedic Perspective on Healthy Aging
Aging is characterized by a gradual decline in physiological efficiency, resulting in reduced functional capacity and increased vulnerability to chronic disorders. Healthy aging refers to the maintenance of functional capacity and improvement of the quality of life in older adults. Ayurveda, the traditional Indian system of medicine, prescribes healthcare and lifestyle modification that support longevity and overall well-being. Among these practices, Abhyanga (therapeutic oil massage) is regarded as an essential component of Dinacharya. The present review aims to evaluate the role of Abhyanga in promoting healthy aging based on classical Ayurvedic concepts and present-day scientific evidence. Abhyanga is described in Ayurveda as a practice that nourishes Dhatus, pacifies Vata Dosha, and promotes strength and vitality. Present studies on massage therapy indicate improvements in skin health, joint mobility, autonomic regulation, and overall physiological function. These findings are consistent with classical Ayurvedic principles. Abhyanga may serve as a safe, economical, and practical approach for promoting healthy aging. Further well-designed clinical studies are required to establish standardized protocols and strengthen evidence for its application in geriatric care.
Abhyanga, Healthy Aging, Ayurveda, Preventive Geriatrics, Dinacharya, Vata Dosha
Role of Panchakarma in the Management of Suryavarta
Suryavarta is a classical Ayurvedic disease categorized under Shiroroga, characterized by a headache that intensifies with the rising sun and subsides after sunset. It bears a close resemblance to migraine in contemporary medicine. The etiopathogenesis of Suryavarta primarily involves vitiation of Vata and Pitta Doshas affecting the Shirah. Modern management often relies on analgesics, which provide temporary relief but fail to address the root cause, leading to recurrence and chronicity. Ayurveda offers a holistic approach, emphasizing Shodhana (bio-purification) therapies, particularly Panchakarma, to eliminate vitiated Doshas and restore homeostasis. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of Panchakarma therapies in a diagnosed case of Suryavarta. A 32-year-old female patient suffering from recurrent headache for five years was treated with a structured protocol including Deepana-Pachana, Snehapana, Virechana Karma, and Nasya Karma, followed by Shamana Chikitsa. Clinical assessment showed marked improvement in intensity, duration, and frequency of headache, along with relief in associated symptoms like photophobia and nausea. This case study highlights the significant role of Panchakarma in not only alleviating symptoms but also correcting the underlying Dosha imbalance, thereby preventing recurrence.
Suryavarta, Shiroroga, Panchakarma, Virechana, Nasya, Migraine, Ayurveda
Evaluation of the Antihypertensive Activity of Seenthil Chooranam in DOCA-Salt-Induced Hypertensive Wistar Albino Rats
In recent years, traditional medical formulations are increasingly explored for their antihypertensive potential. Aim: To assess the anti-hypertensive efficacy of Seenthil chooranam and its effects on blood pressure, serum electrolytes and lipid profile in DOCA- salt-induced hypertensive rats. Materials and Methods: Hypertension was induced in rats by subcutaneously administering DOCA salt [10mg/kg, twice weekly] along with 2% sodium chloride supplementation for a period of 43 days. The animals were divided into five groups: normal control, hypertensive control, standard drug group [hydrochlorothiazide 5mg/kg] and two Seenthil chooranam treated groups [200mg/kg and 400mg/kg orally]. Blood pressure was recorded invasively by carotid artery cannulation. Serum sodium, potassium and lipid profile were analysed using standard biochemical methods. Data analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. Results: DOCA- salt induced rats showed a significant increase in blood pressure, serum sodium, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and VLDL levels, with a decrease in serum potassium and HDL levels. Treatment with Seenthil chooranam reduced the blood pressure, improved electrolyte balance and lipid profile in a dose-dependent manner, with the higher dose showing effects comparable to hydrochlorothiazide. Conclusion: The study concludes that Seenthil chooranam has significant antihypertensive effects in DOCA-salt induced hypertensive rats. The observed improvements in blood pressure, serum electrolytes and lipid profile support the therapeutic potential of Seenthil chooranam in hypertension management. Further investigations are necessary to clarify its mechanism and long-term safety profile.
Seenthil chooranam, Wistar albino rats, Deoxy-corticosterone acetate, anti-hypertensive activity
Ayurvedic Management of Moderate Depressive Disorder
Depressive disorder is a serious, common mental health condition characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest in activities and low energy lasting at least two weeks. Affecting roughly 3.5% of global population. Moderate depression lies between mild and severe which involves low mood that interfere with daily life, other symptoms such as fatigue, reduced activity and social withdrawal. According to Ayurveda, depression usually involves imbalance of Manasa Doshas i.e., Rajas and Tamas, and the physical Doshas mainly Vata and Kapha. Current case presented with dull mood, loss of interest in daily activities, disturbed sleep, loss of appetite and reduced social activity. Based on the observation made in the level of affective and behavioural domains, diagnosis of depressive disorder – current episode moderate was eventually done as per the diagnostic criteria mentioned in International Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders 10. In Ayurveda, the condition was diagnosed as Kaphaja Unmada based on the typical symptoms. The treatment protocol including Shodhana and Shamana Aushadhi was administered. Sattvavajaya Chikitsa was also adopted along with Yukti Vyapashraya Chikitsa. There was significant improvement in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale after the intervention.
Moderate Depression, Low Mood, Ayurveda, Shodhana, Shamana, Sattvavajaya Chikitsa
Case Series on the Effect of Guduchyadi Ghrita with Panchavalkala Kwatha Yoni Prakshalana in Paripluta Yonivyapad (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a common condition affecting women, where an infection spreads to the upper reproductive organs. If not treated properly, it can lead to serious problems like infertility and long-term pelvic pain. In Ayurveda, PID is similar to a condition called Paripluta Yonivyapad, which is believed to occur due to an imbalance of the Vata and Pitta doshas. This case series looked at how effective an Ayurvedic treatment approach could be for managing PID. Six patients were treated using Guduchyadi Ghrita taken orally for 30 days, along with a local therapy called Panchavalkala Kwatha Yoni Prakshalana for 7 days. The results were encouraging. Patients experienced noticeable relief from symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, fornices tenderness, backache, and fever. Ultrasound findings also showed improvement after treatment. Importantly, no side effects were reported during the study. Overall, this suggests that this Ayurvedic treatment combination may be helpful in managing PID. However, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and better understand its effectiveness.
Paripluta, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Guduchyadi Ghrita, Panchavalkala Kwatha