THE PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A MIRACLE HERB ACACIA CATECHU (L.F.) WILLD.: A REVIEW

Abstract

Acacia catechu (L.F.) Willd commonly known as Khadira, has number of therapeutic properties and is also known as Catechu, Cachou and black cutch. Acacia catechu is an economically important plant for medicinal uses. Seeds are good source of protein namely mucilage. The Katha prepared from its heartwood, is an important constituent of Paan (Betel preparation). Khadira is described under Kashaya skandha, Kushthagna, Udardaprashamana gana by Charaka and Salsaradi gana by Sushruta. The plant contains tannin, catechin, epicatechin, kaemferol alkaloids, flavonoids and toxifolin. In Ayurvedic texts Khadira is considered as a Kushthaghna and single used drug for all types of skin disorders thoroughly internal and external mode. In addition, the heartwood extract is found to be an effective Antibacterial agent, Antimycotic, Anti-oxidant and Anti-diarrhoeal activity. The classical preparation of Khadira are Khadirarishta, Mahakhadira ghrita, Kanaka bindu arishta and Madhwasava have been indicated in skin disorders. Khadira therapeutically used in the various diseases like Kushtha, Medoroga, Krmi, and act as Raktashodhaka (blood purifier). The present article gives important information on therapeutic uses, traditional medicinal uses mentioned in various Samhitas and latest research updates in phytochemical and pharmacological properties.