Asrigdara (Menorrhagia): A Comparative Study Between Ayurvedic and Modern Perspectives

Abstract

Asrigdara, a condition described in Ayurveda under Raktapradara Roga, closely resembles menorrhagia described in modern gynaecology. This condition not only affects a woman's physiological balance but also impairs her mental, social, and reproductive health. Both conditions manifest as excessive or prolonged uterine bleeding independent of or associated with menstrual cycles. The condition leads to anemia, Fatigue and impaired quality of life. This article aims to correlate the Ayurvedic understanding of Asrigdara with modern concepts of menorrhagia, exploring their etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management approaches. The Ayurvedic viewpoint underscores a holistic understanding based on Dosha-Dhatu-Mala interaction and Srotodushti, whereas modern medicine relies on evidence-based diagnostic tools, including ultrasonography, hormonal assays, and endometrial evaluation. Similarly, treatment in Ayurveda focuses on restoring balance through Samana and Sodhana therapies, herbal formulations such as Asoka, Lodhra, Musta, Nagakesara, and lifestyle modifications rooted in Dinacharya and Ritucharya. Modern therapy, in contrast, includes NSAIDs, antifibrinolytics, hormonal therapy, and surgical interventions like endometrial ablation or Hysterectomy depending on severity and underlying cause. A comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic texts and contemporary gynaecological literature was conducted. Findings reveal that Asrigdara primarily results from vitiation of Pitta and Rakta and derangement of Artavavaha Srotas, while menorrhagia is due to hormonal imbalance, uterine pathology or systemic disorders. The study concludes that integrating Ayurvedic and modern approaches offers a holistic management strategy for menorrhagia.