Exploration of Shalakya Tantra in Rajamartanda with Emphasis on Ekamoola Dravya Prayoga

Abstract

Rajamartanda is one of the significant texts of Indian traditional medical literature is believed to be composed in the 11^th century AD by King Bhoja. Also known as Yogasarasaṅgraha or Nanavidhayogasarasaṅgraha, this text presents a rich compilation of Ayurvedic knowledge across 34 chapters, beginning with Sirorogadhikara and ending with Pasurogadhikara. Notably, Rajamartanda diverges from the conventional approach of initiating with Jvara Chikitsa, instead it prioritizes diseases of the head and region above the clavicle- Urdhwajatru Gata Rogas- highlighting the author’s emphasis on conditions related to the head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat. This unique focus aligns closely with the domain of Shalakya Tantra. The text provides detailed descriptions and management of Urdhwajatru Gata Rogas, offering numerous single and simple herbal formulations for ailments of the head, eyes (Netra Rogas), ears (Karna Rogas), nose (Nasa Rogas), and throat (Mukha and Kantha Rogas). Over 226 monoherbal therapies are described, showcasing the therapeutic strength of simple remedies in treating these localized disorders. Unlike polyherbal formulations, single-drug therapy highlights the specific pharmacodynamic properties of an individual drug. The prominence given to Shirogata and Urdhwajatru rogas emphasizes significance of this text with Shalaki`s point of interest. The Rajamartanda thus holds a valuable place in Ayurvedic literature, particularly in the context of Shalakya Tantra and the treatment of diseases affecting the organs of the head and neck. An attempt has been made to highlight simple, easily available, and cost-effective drugs for the management of Shalakya diseases.