Therapeutic Efficacy and Phytochemical Insights into the Classical Unani Formulation Nuskha-E-Khalal-E-Shikam

Abstract

In the Unani System of Medicine, the concept of Mushtarak-un-nafa' advia has existed since ancient times. Certain selected Advia both single and compound drugs are outlined under this heading. Mushtarak-un-nafa' advia refers to medications that are frequently administered for the majority of illnesses; these medications can be administered to patients without waiting for a proven diagnosis, even if they do not successfully treat the illness or even make it worse. Mushtarak-un-nafa' advia is exemplified by Nuskha-e-Khalal-e-Shikam (NKS) and Mulayyin medicines. NKS composed of five ingredients, i.e. Gul-e-Banafsha, Beekh Kasni, Badiyaan, Gaozaban and Maveez Munaqqa. NKS is used as Munjiz and Mushil and is very efficacious in Ufooni humma (Safrawi or Balghami). NKS has traditionally been utilized in situations where a patient's illness is difficult to diagnose. NKS can be modify according to the condition of the patient. Gut dysbiosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory diseases. Nuskha-e-Khalal-e-Shikam (NKS) ingredients are rich in potent phytochemicals with a range of pharmacological actions, which together produce its compound therapeutic benefits across different conditions. However, more research is needed to assess NKS's effectiveness as a compound formulation.