Evaluation of In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chandraprakasa Mathirai (CPM) by Protein Denaturation Assay

Abstract

Chandraprakasa mathirai (CPM) is a classical Siddha herbo-mineral formulation traditionally used in inflammatory conditions such as undifferentiated polyarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, scientific validation of its anti-inflammatory activity remains limited. The present study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential of CPM using a protein denaturation assay. CPM was prepared according to standard Siddha procedures using purified Aconitum ferox, Piper nigrum, and sodium biborate. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibition of heat-induced denaturation of bovine serum albumin at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500µg/ml. Diclofenac sodium (100µg/ml) was used as the reference standard. Absorbance was measured at 660 nm, and percentage inhibition was calculated. Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation and analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. CPM exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, with values increasing from 10.7±2.22% at 100µg/ml to 45.78±1.84% at 500µg/ml. The standard drug diclofenac sodium showed significantly higher inhibition (85.19±4.06%). However, CPM did not achieve 50% inhibition within the tested concentration range.  In conclusion, CPM demonstrates moderate in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity, supporting its traditional use. Further in-vivo and clinical studies are required to establish its therapeutic efficacy and safety profile.