An Integrative Review of Mukhadushika with special reference to Acne Vulgaris: Pathophysiology and Management

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition that usually appears during adolescence. In Ayurveda, it is described under Kshudra Roga and is referred to as Yuvanpidaka or Tarunyapitika, highlighting its frequent occurrence during the teenage years. Ayurvedic texts describe Mukhadushika in a way that closely resembles the inflammatory and microbial aspects recognized in modern dermatology. According to Ayurveda, acne mainly develops due to the imbalance of Kapha and Vata doshas along with the vitiation of Rakta dhatu. Vitiated Rakta reflects the inflammatory changes seen in the skin. Both modern medicine and Ayurveda use topical and systemic treatments, but Ayurveda focuses more on treating the root cause through purification (Shodhana) and pacifying therapies (Shamana). Classical Ayurvedic texts mention this condition, but the information is scattered, making a systematic review useful for better understanding and comparison with modern medicine.