An Anatomical and Radiological Correlation of Shirogata Marma with Cranial Neurovascular Structures

Abstract

Marma are described in Ayurveda as anatomically significant and clinically sensitive regions where injury may produce severe functional disturbances. Among them, Shirogata Marma are situated in the cranial region and are closely related to important neurovascular structures. Objective: To explore the anatomical and radiological correlation between Shirogata Marma and major cranial neurovascular structures using classical Ayurvedic concepts and contemporary anatomy. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analytical review was carried out using classical Ayurvedic literature, standard anatomical textbooks, and radiological references. The location of selected Shirogata Marma was identified according to Ayurvedic descriptions and correlated with modern surface anatomy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging landmarks. Results: Shankha Marma showed close association with the pterion and the course of the middle meningeal artery. Shrngataka Marma demonstrated correlation with the cavernous sinus and adjoining cranial nerves. Adhipati Marma corresponded to the vertex region related to the superior sagittal sinus. Most cranial Marma were observed in areas containing dense neurovascular networks. Conclusion: The findings indicate a significant relationship between Shirogata Marma and critical cranial neurovascular structures. Understanding these correlations may contribute to anatomical interpretation, surgical awareness, and integrative clinical research.