Antimicrobial Activity of Manjisthadi Agada and Shirishadi Agada: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health concern resulting from the irrational and excessive use of antibiotics, thereby reducing the effectiveness of many antimicrobial agents. Ayurveda offers several herbal formulations with potential antimicrobial properties. Among them, Manjisthadi Agada and Shirishadi Agada are traditionally indicated for their Vishaghana (antitoxic), Krimighna (antimicrobial), and Shothahara (anti-inflammatory) actions. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Manjisthadi Agada and Shirishadi Agada. Materials and Methods: An in vitro study was conducted using three microbial strains. The antimicrobial activity of both formulations was assessed by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition produced against the test microorganisms. Results: Shirishadi Agada demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity compared to Manjisthadi Agada. It exhibited a 12.5 mm zone of inhibition against the Gram-positive bacterial strain, whereas Manjisthadi Agada showed only a 2.5mm zone. Against Escherichia coli, Shirishadi Agada produced a 16.25mm inhibition zone compared to 11.5mm for Manjisthadi Agada. In antifungal testing against Candida albicans, Shirishadi Agada showed a larger inhibition zone (26.50mm) than Manjisthadi Agada (24.50mm). Conclusion: Shirishadi Agada exhibited broader and stronger antibacterial and antifungal activity, while Manjisthadi Agada showed comparatively weaker and selective antimicrobial effects.