Conceptual Analysis of Vicharchika and its Correlation with Eczema

Abstract

Vicharchika (ICD-11: SN43 – Eczema disorder), described under Kshudra Kushtha in classical Ayurvedic literature, represents a chronic dermatological disorder characterized by Kandu (pruritus), Pidika (eruptions), Srava (discharge), and Shyava Varna (hyperpigmentation). Although traditionally regarded as manageable, its recurrent and persistent nature reflects therapeutic complexity. The clinical features of Vicharchika show notable similarity with Eczema described in contemporary dermatology. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive textual analysis was undertaken using primary Ayurvedic Samhitas including the Brihattrayi, Laghutrayi and their principal commentaries. References concerning Nidana (aetiology), Samprapti (pathogenesis), Lakshana (clinical manifestations), and Chikitsa (management principles) of Vicharchika were systematically compiled and critically interpreted. These classical concepts were comparatively examined with contemporary descriptions of eczema. Conclusion: Vicharchika demonstrates substantial conceptual and clinical parallels with eczema in terms of symptomatology, chronicity and systemic involvement. However, Ayurveda interprets the condition through a broader etiopathogenetic framework involving Dosha–Dushya interaction, Agni and Srotodushti. This perspective provides a holistic and principle-based foundation for long-term disease management beyond symptomatic control.