Ayurvedic Oral Medications Versus Panchakarma Therapies in the Management of Manyastambha (Cervical Spondylosis)

Abstract

Manyastambha is an Ayurvedic disorder which is characterized by pain, stiffness and restricted movements of neck mainly due to the vitiation of Vata Dosha which is often associated with Kapha Dosha. The condition resembles cervical spondylosis which is a common degenerative disorder of the cervical spine and has a significant impact on the quality of life. Its prevalence has increased in recent decades due to sedentary lifestyles, long-term use of digital devices, poor posture, occupational strain and population aging. The usual way of treating cervical spondylosis is by giving medicines for pain and muscle relaxation, physiotherapy and in extreme cases surgery. These interventions can provide temporary relief but may not always treat the underlying pathology and can have adverse effects with long-term use. Ayurveda provides a complete treatment system by correcting the root cause Dosha imbalance and re-establishment of functional integrity. The main treatment methods are Shamana Chikitsa (oral herbal and herbo-mineral formulations) and Shodhana Chikitsa (Panchakarma procedures such as Abhyanga, Swedana, Greeva Basti and Nasya). Both modalities of treatment have shown promising clinical results in reducing pain, stiffness and functional disability. However, there is limited comparative evidence of their relative efficacy and benefits from their combined use. This review compiles the available literature and critically appraises it in order to compare these therapeutic modalities in the management of Manyastambha.